Introduction: This study aimed to compare schema-based couple therapy and positive couple therapy on the tendency to have extramarital affairs, marital conflicts, and communication beliefs. Method: The present research method was a quasi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population was all married women referring to counseling centers under the supervision of the Psychological System Organization in regions 6 and 5 of Tehran in 1403, from which 45 people were selected as a sample using the convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to the schema-based couple therapy experimental group (15 people), the positive couple therapy experimental group (15 people), and the control group (15 people). The subjects answered questionnaires before and after the intervention. The schema-based couple therapy experimental group underwent the Yang et al. (2003) package therapy intervention, and the positive couple therapy experimental group underwent the Seligman et al. (2014) package therapy intervention for eight 90-minute sessions. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test using SPSS-26 software. Findings: The results of data analysis showed that schema-based couple therapy and positive couple therapy were effective in reducing couples' tendency to have extramarital affairs (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that schema-based couple therapy and positive couple therapy have a significant effect on reducing the tendency to have extramarital affairs. Also, both interventions have the same effect on the tendency to have extramarital affairs.

Introduction: Marital infidelity is an issue many couples’,therapists face and is one of the most important reasons for getting divorced. The factors related to infidelity can be included in three domains: individual differences, the nature of the relationship, and environmental conditions. This study investigated the role of emotional schemas and personality traits (as individual differences) in infidelity. Materials and Methods: In the present study conducted in Mashhad, Iran, 320 individuals were selected by the convenience sampling method (including 160 individuals with infidelity experience and 160 individuals without experience of infidelity as controls). They fulfilled the Leahy Emotional Schema Scale and Personality Inventory for DSM-5. The data were analyzed by Multivariable Analyze of Variance and SPSS-26 software. Results: The results showed that the lack of inhibition personality traits in individuals with the experience of infidelity were higher than in the control group. The “, guilt and blame”,emotional schemas were higher in group with infidelity experience than in the controls (P= 0. 012, P= 0. 025). The “, validating”,emotional schema in individuals with infidelity was lower than in the control group (P= 0. 011). No significant differences were found between the other emotional schemas. Conclusion: According to the results, infidelity prevention can be done by modifying personality traits and emotional schemas through schema therapy and emotional schema therapy.

extramarital affairs are one of the main harmful factors in the structure and stability of the family as they have harmful individual, family, and social consequences. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the formation of extramarital relationships. The research method used is Q, and the data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical sample using purposive sampling method includes 40 experts and activists in the field of social harms (extramarital affairs). The results of the study lead to the extraction of four main factors of marital infidelity: sociocultural (the effect of virtual social networks, reduced attitudes towards moral values, inappropriate marriage, etc. ), psychological (experience of premarital sex, suffering from mental, mood, and personality disorders, poor communication and life skills training, etc. ), economic (family financial and livelihood problems, earning and materialism, male unemployment), and family (revenge on the spouse, lack of adherence to marital obligations, monotony in marital relations, etc. ). Lack of understanding, comprehension, and interpretation of the deep layers of this complex and multidimensional problem and ways to reduce it will lead to further disintegration of the family institution.

Family, as one of the most important institutions of society, has an important role in social cohesion; Hence, any change in social, economic, emotional and sexual relationships between couples can affect the institution of the family. One of the most important changes and transformations that affects and threats the totality is the extramarital affair. extramarital affairs means the violation of commitment and trust in the marital relationship, which has many dimensions and aspects, and since it threatens the foundation of the family; It is of special importance to study it. Thus, the present study examines and recognizes the process of extramarital relationship with a qualitative approach based on contextual theory and semi-structured and problem-oriented interview techniques. The results of this study showed that the breakdown of intra-family ties, the attractiveness of the modern love experience, the breakdown of traditional norms, receiving restraint and coercion in daily actions by the family, receiving freedom of action from the family, spouse abuse, social mobility and changing standards over time And the elimination of the taboo of offering extramarital affairs by men to married women is one of the causal conditions in the emergence of the phenomenon of the desire to experience love. The men and women involved in this relationship, in the face of this phenomenon, adopt a strategy of establishing an extramarital affair, and the consequences of these strategies are to make public and separate and to hide and to continue the marital life.

Objectives: Social changes have shaped various processes in the relationship between couples and paved the way for the emergence and spread of different types of pre-and post-marital sex. But these relationships are manifested not in the air but on the ground and in certain contexts. The present article has been done with the aim of understanding and describing the contexts and backgrounds of the formation of extramarital relationships in the city of Rasht. Methods: The methodological approach of the present study was qualitative and in-depth interviews were conducted with 14 women and men involved in extramarital affairs to collect data. Finally, the data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis technique. Findings: The findings showed that extramarital affairs occur as an interaction between the individual and society in both individual and social contexts. Some social contexts are rooted in traditional values such as patriarchy and some are rooted in the decline of traditional values. Individual values, personality traits, and feelings of insecurity in relationships in the context of media intervention have led to the development of multiple emotional relationships and extramarital experiences. Conclusion: In such circumstances, environmental attractions and the decline of values on the one hand in combination with the new conceptualization of love on the other hand can explain and interpret the mechanism of extramarital relationships.

Introduction: extramarital affairs are one of the most important threats to the stability and continuity of marriage and one of the most severe causes of marital disputes. Divorce is another critical issue that affects and damages the functioning of the family. Accordingly, this study aims to understand extramarital relationships in women and seek effective causes of it. Methods: This is a qualitative study using the qualitative content analysis method. Based on theoretical saturation criteria, thirty-four women participated in this study. A semi-structured interview method was used to collect information. Results: After analyzing the content of the information obtained from the interviews, the themes of disruption in love and feeling of belonging to the spouse, lack of alignment and companionship, low quality of sexual intercourse, and dysfunctional relationships were identified as the main themes. Conclusions: The occurrence of extramarital affairs in women is not a one-dimensional phenomenon but the result of the several factors' interaction, plus the role of interpersonal factors is fundamental. Due to the nature of these factors, paying attention and providing the necessary training to couples in this field can play a decisive role in reducing extramarital affairs.